The quantum computer is poised to make a major leap forward in computer technology. It will be more powerful and able to solve problems that classic computers fail to solve. Now, scientists want to build quantum gates, the quantum computer’s fundamental “switching system.”
Scientists from the University of Konstanz, Princeton University, and the University of Maryland are developing a stable quantum gate for silicon two-quantum bit systems. They have created stable quantum gates for two quantum bit systems.
This newly developed quantum gate can precisely control and read the interaction of two quantum bits. Additionally, it can perform all necessary basic operations of the quantum computer.
Quantum memory consists of quantum bits, i.e., qubits. It is next to zero and the one about more states, and it is, therefore, much more complex in its implementation than a simple digital system. A few thoughts investigate how a quantum bit could be acknowledged, for instance, using particles or superconducting frameworks.
Now, scientists have found a new idea for this implementation. They have to use the electron spin in the semiconductor material silicon, which is the angular momentum of a single electron, as the basis of the quantum bit.
Konstanzer physicist Prof. Dr. med. Guido Burkard said, “This is an extreme achievement, which was accomplished by our colleagues from Princeton. We used a combination of electromagnetic attraction and repulsion to separate a single electron from the electron assembly. The liberated electrons are then precisely lined up and each embedded in a kind of “trough”, where they are kept in a limbo.”
Now, to develop a system that could further control the angular momentum of each electron, scientists have joined each electrode with a nanoelectrode. Using methods for a supposed attractive field slope, the physicists can make an area a subordinate attractive field with which the electrons can be independently controlled.
Thus, the specialists can control the rakish energy of the electrons. They have hence made stable one-quantum bit frameworks with which data, as electron twists, can be stored and read out.
In any case, one quantum bit alone isn’t sufficient to produce the essential exchanging arrangement of a quantum PC – this requires two quantum bits. The decisive step for the two-quantum-bit system was to couple the states of two electrons together. This combination can construct basic switching systems and perform all basic quantum computer operations.
Scientists developed a switching system that coordinates the angular momentum of two electrons in mutual dependence. Another nano-cathode is joined between the two “hollows” in which the silicon electrons drift. This controls the circuit of the two-electron turns. This enabled the physicists to understand a steady and practical fundamental unit of measurement for a quantum PC.
Guido Burkard, who designed and planned the process together with Maximilian Russ said, “A magnetically very quiet material with a low number of own nuclear spins. Important in the chosen material is that its atomic nuclei do not bring too many spins, that is, intrinsic angular momentum, which could disturb the quantum bits. With a share of around five percent, silicon has an extremely low spin activity of the atomic nuclei and is therefore particularly suitable. Another advantage: silicon is the standard material of semiconductor technology and accordingly well researched so that the scientists benefit from many years of experience with the material.”
