The extra-embryonic yolk sac is the source of both macrophages and endothelial cells. Standard views are that these cells are maintained after birth by proliferative self-renewal in their differentiated states.
A new study reports the discovery of a completely new type of cell with the unique ability to transform into endothelial cells and macrophages. These cells, called ‘EndoMac progenitors,’ are expected to potentially enhance the future of tissue repair and generation.
A team discovered SAHMRI scientists.
Scientists identified EndoMac progenitors in murine aorta that also originate embryonically. They took cells from mice, grew them in a lab, and watched them form groups. They then tested these groups in diabetic mice and saw significant improvements in wounds that usually wouldn’t heal.
According to the authors, EndoMac progenitors could help heal wounds in conditions like diabetes, where the body has trouble repairing itself. Importantly, these cells don’t have the usual markers identifying them as “self,” which means they could be great for stem cell transplants. They are less likely to be attacked by the recipient’s immune system.
Dr Sanuri Liyange, from the research team, said, “When we transplanted these progenitors into diabetic wounds, we saw a dramatic improvement in healing within days. In theory, this could become a game-changer for patients suffering from chronic wounds.”
The research team is now studying skin and muscle cells, with results expected in the next year. They are also looking for these cells in human tissue and have found some promising signs.
Dr Liyanage said, “We’re excited to continue exploring the potential of these cells. It’s early days, but the implications could be massive. This represents a significant advancement in our understanding of blood vessel regeneration and holds promise for creating more effective treatments that support the body’s capacity to heal and maintain function over time.”
Journal Reference:
- Williamson, A.E., Liyanage, S., Hassanshahi, M. et al. Discovery of an embryonically derived bipotent population of endothelial-macrophage progenitor cells in postnatal aorta. Nat Commun 15, 7097 (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51637-7
